Guido Castelnuovo: matematico, insegnante, senatore

Incontri e convegni

Guido Castelnuovo [ wikipedia.org]

a cura di Claudio Fontanari

Guido Castelnuovo (Venezia, 14 agosto 1865 – Roma, 27 aprile 1952) fu innanzitutto un matematico di levatura mondiale, famoso per i suoi risultati fondamentali in geometria algebrica, una disciplina che ha avuto a partire dalla seconda
metà del 1800 uno sviluppo poderoso in Italia, tanto da divenire una vera gloria della scienza nazionale.

Della cosiddetta ”scuola italiana di geometria algebrica” Castelnuovo è stato uno dei massimi esponenti. Nella sua lunga vita scientifica si è occupato anche di altri settori della matematica come il calcolo delle probabilità, questioni di fondamenti e di didattica.

Di Castelnuovo è però importante ricordare anche le doti umane e il suo impegno politico in senso lato. Durante la seconda guerra mondiale, con l’occupazione di Roma da parte dei nazisti, Castelnuovo, come tanti altri ebrei, fu costretto a nascondersi. Nonostante ciò, e nonostante l’età ormai avanzata, egli si fece promotore di corsi clandestini di livello universitario per studenti ebrei, con l’intento di sostenerne la speranza in tempi migliori.

Dopo la liberazione di Roma, Castelnuovo fu nominato commissario speciale del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, e in quanto tale ne riavviò la riorganizzazione dopo la paralisi del periodo bellico. Fu componente della commissione di epurazione della ricostituita Accademia dei Lincei nel 1944-46,
e ne fu eletto presidente, carica che mantenne fino agli ultimi giorni di vita. Il 5 dicembre 1949 diventò senatore a vita della Repubblica Italiana.

parte di: Giorno della Memoria 2016

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