11 dicembre 1918: nasce Aleksandr Solženicyn #accaddeoggi

Dal gulag alla celebrità

Aleksandr Isaevič Solženicyn nacque a Kislovodsk, nel Caucaso russo, l'11 dicembre 1918.

Durante la giovinezza, immerso nell'ambiente totalitario del regime bolscevico, aderì fermamente all'ideologia marxista, partendo anche volontario per il fronte allo scoppio delle ostilità con la Germania nazista.

Nonostante i riconoscimenti ottenuti sul campo di battaglia, Solženicyn fu arrestato nel 1946 per alcune critiche rivolte a Stalin in una lettera privata inviata ad un amico. L'ufficiale dell'esercito russo finì così nelle maglie del sistema repressivo sovietico, venendo condannato a otto anni di lavori forzati in un gulag dell'estrema periferia russa e al successivo confino perpetuo. Liberato qualche anno dopo la morte di Stalin, Solženicyn pubblicò nel 1962 il romanzo Una giornata di Ivan Denisovič, dal quale emergevano i tratti salienti della sua prigionia. L'opera divenne molto celebre sia in Russia che all'estero e rese il suo autore un simbolo della resistenza ai regimi oppressivi, valendogli anche la vittoria del Premio Nobel per la Letteratura nel 1970.

Dopo la pubblicazione del saggio Arcipelago Gulag, fu costretto all'esilio negli Stati Uniti fino agli Novanta, quando poté tornare in Russia.

Aleksandr Solženicyn morì a Mosca il 3 agosto 2008.

“Bisogna saper migliorare con pazienza quanto ogni giorno ci offre.” Aleksandr Solženicyn

Una giornata di Ivan Denisovič

redazione

parte di: Accadde oggi ...

11/12/2016

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