#accaddeoggi 28 giugno 1914: assassinio di Francesco Ferdinando

L'omicidio che sconvolse il mondo

Francesco Ferdinando d’Asburgo-Este nacque a Graz nel 1863. Appartenendo alla famiglia regnante, sin da giovanissimo entrò nell’esercito austriaco e scalò i gradi militari divenendo generale maggiore a 31 anni.

Alla nascita Francesco Ferdinando era terzo in linea di successione al trono austro-ungarico, ma il suicidio del cugino Rodolfo nel 1889 e la morte del padre nel 1896 lo resero il teorico successore dell’imperatore Francesco Giuseppe. Nonostante questo, i rapporti tra nipote e zio erano tesi: ad esempio, le nozze di Francesco Ferdinando con la contessa von Chotkowa furono accettate dall’imperatore solo dopo la dichiarazione che i loro figli non avrebbero avuto diritto di successione al trono.

Di idee liberali e tendenti al pacifismo, in politica interna era favorevole ad un’ulteriore divisione dei domini asburgici per dare peso anche alla componente slava. Proprio a causa di questo progetto, il 28 giugno 1914 fu assassinato, assieme alla moglie, durante una visita ufficiale a Sarajevo da Gavrilo Princip, giovane serbo-bosniaco aderente all’organizzazione paramilitare Mano nera, appoggiata da ambienti dell’esercito e del governo serbo.

La catena di reazioni diplomatiche portò, nel giro di un mese, allo scoppio della Grande guerra.

Le origini della prima guerra mondiale

redazione
parte di: Accadde oggi ...

28/06/2017

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