Chiusura Todeschi

Rovereto, via Valbusa Piccola 23

[ Fig. 1. La grande varietà compositiva delle specie arboree presenti nel bosco. Foto di Claudio Clamer]

Condizione giuridica: proprietà privata

Uso attuale: parco di residenza

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Passeggiando tra via Valbusa Piccola e via delle Fosse, ai margini orientali del centro storico di Rovereto nelle vicinanze del castello, non si immagina la vastità e la magnificenza del parco di Villa Todeschi oltre le alte mura che lo circondano. Al di là di queste, infatti, si apre alla vista uno dei pochi esempi trentini di parco d’ispirazione tardo romantica perfettamente conservatosi nella sua struttura originaria.

L'edificio appare già nel 1620 in un acquerello, dove è rappresentato come piccolo fortilizio merlato con annessa una estesa area verde. La proprietà, costituita da una grande casa padronale, due case coloniche, un bosco e un vigneto, viene messa all’asta dagli eredi di tale Cristoforo de Birti e acquistata nel 1862 dalla vedova del barone Todeschi. Fin da subito il figlio Federico, enologo e agronomo, dà vita ad un parco d’ispirazione tardo romantica e la casa viene trasformata in villa padronale (fig.2). Un'ulteriore trasformazione, nel 1868, vede coinvolto l'ingegnere-architetto Saverio Tamanini, già noto per i lavori alla Villa de Gresti Guerrieri Gonzaga.

Inizialmente utilizzata come dimora estiva, dalla fine dell'Ottocento la villa diviene residenza stabile della famiglia. Da allora la proprietà e il parco non hanno subito sostanziali variazioni.

Aperta a ventaglio di fronte alla dimora, l’area verde si compone di un ampio spazio prativo al limite del quale si sviluppa una vasta macchia boscata (acero, cedro della Virginia, cipresso, faggio e tiglio sono solo alcuni esempi di specie vegetali presenti), per concludersi poi con un pregiato vigneto. I differenti spazi sono percorribili mediante un percorso principale, lungo il quale sono presenti canalette in pietra e resti degli originali canali di scolo in acciottolato.

Il parco custodisce ancora oggi manufatti architettonici degni di nota: una fontana con vasca circolare a zampillo e un edificio, posto su due livelli, con decorazione pittorica esterna ancora ben leggibile. Uno dei due piani era destinato a casino di delizia, mentre quello sottostante fungeva sia da passaggio coperto che da belvedere sul parco e sulla città (fig.3). A segnare il passaggio dalla dimensione boschiva a quella produttiva si trova una serra, oggi in cattivo stato di conservazione.

L’ambiente intimo, familiare e ricco di dettagli manifesta l’amore e la passione dei proprietari Todeschi nei confronti di questo sito fin dal suo acquisto: si conservano fotografie acquerellate risalenti agli anni Sessanta dell’Ottocento e fotografie dei primi anni del Novecento ritraenti il parco completato.

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Per approfondimenti: Parchi e giardini storici in Trentino: tra arte, natura e memoria

parte di: Monumenti verdi

03/05/2017

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DEV 192.168.105.41