Parco delle Terme di Levico

Levico Terme, via Silva Domini 5 

[ Fig. 1. Veduta aerea del parco delle Terme di Levico. Foto di Claudio Clamer]

Condizione giuridica: proprietà pubblica Provincia autonoma di Trento

Uso attuale: parco pubblico

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La storia del complesso del Grand Hotel di Levico e del vasto parco tardo romantico ad esso connesso ha inizio alla fine del XIX secolo ed è strettamente correlata all’affermazione del paese come città termale. Lo sfruttamento delle acque minerali arsenico-ferruginose trasforma una piccola località ai confini dell'Impero in una stazione di soggiorno d’importanza europea, che si avvantaggia dell’apertura del collegamento ferroviario con Trento (1896).

La costruzione dello stabilimento inizia nel 1898 con l’acquisizione di terreno agricolo da parte di Julius Adrian Pollacsek, imprenditore di origine ungherese e direttore della Società Levico-Vetriolo Heilquellen. Il suo scopo è sin dall’inizio quello di crearvi un “luogo di cura termale” composto da un albergo prestigioso immerso in un grande parco.

L’incarico di disegnare l’area verde viene affidato all’architetto di giardini tedesco Georg Ziehl (1873-1953), artefice di un impianto che alterna una rete di passeggiate per il diletto degli ospiti a spazi aperti e gruppi di alberi (fig.2).

Dopo decenni di incuria e conseguente declino del maestoso polmone verde di inizio Novecento, nel 1999 la gestione del complesso è stata assunta dalla Provincia autonoma di Trento, che ha recuperato la veste tardo romantica del parco adattandola al nuovo uso pubblico. Oggi il Parco delle Terme di Levico costituisce un importante punto di riferimento per la collettività, con ampie strutture ricettive e spazi di passeggio e di sosta che dilatano l'originaria funzione termale.

In asse con la stazione, al crocevia tra viale Rovigo e via Guglielmo Marconi, spicca l’imponente portale a tre aperture con cancellata in ferro che funge da accesso al complesso termale. Lo sguardo spazia verso l’ampia area verde intervallata da specie arboree (come il monumentale faggio rosso, l’abete greco e il nordamericano pino di Coulter), aperture e viali, il cui fondale è costituito dalla facciata del Grand Hotel (fig.3).

All’interno dell’estesa area recintata trovano sede edifici storici, quali l’albergo, Villa Sissi e Villa Paradiso, dove soggiornò il tedesco Ziehl durante i lavori, e strutture più recenti quali un gazebo della musica, alcune serre, un bar, un campo da tennis e un campo di bocce, insieme alla sistemazione a teatro ricavata sagomando il pendio.

L'importanza del sito è stata riconosciuta, nel 2016, con l'inserimento nella rete dei Grandi Giardini Italiani e nella nuova guida TCI L'Italia dei giardini.

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Per approfondimenti: Parchi e giardini storici in Trentino: tra arte, natura e memoria

parte di: Monumenti verdi

27/03/2017

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